Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG)Chemistry

Gibbs Free Energy & Reaction Spontaneity Calculator (ΔG = ΔH - TΔS)

Calculate Gibbs free energy change (ΔG), predict thermodynamic reaction spontaneity, and determine the threshold crossover temperature via the fundamental Gibbs-Helmholtz relation.

Calculated Result

Gibbs Free Energy Change (ΔG)

-43.26kJ/mol

Calculator Inputs

kJ/mol
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J/(mol*K)
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Gibbs Free Energy Change (ΔG)

-43.26kJ/mol

Entropy Term (T·ΔS in kJ/mol)

-41.74 kJ/mol

Spontaneity Crossover Temperature

333.99 °C

Thermodynamically Spontaneous (ΔG < 0): The process is exergonic and occurs spontaneously in the forward direction.

Gibbs Free Energy Enthalpy vs Entropy Profile

Enthalpy ΔH
-85 kJ/mol(0%)
Gibbs ΔG
-43.26 kJ/mol(0%)

Standard chemical thermodynamics tool for feasibility, equilibrium, and entropy-enthalpy driving forces.

Calculation Methodology

Gibbs-Helmholtz Equation: ΔG = ΔH - [ T * (ΔS / 1000) ]. Where ΔH is in kJ/mol, ΔS in J/(mol K), and T in Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15). If ΔG < 0, the reaction is thermodynamically spontaneous. Crossover Temperature: T_threshold = (ΔH * 1000) / ΔS.

Frequently Asked Questions

A negative ΔG signifies an exergonic process that releases usable free energy, allowing the reaction to proceed spontaneously forward without continuous external work.

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